It was raised in Stroke Care National Workshop held on Saturday (29/10) in the Office of the Ministry of Health of Indonesia, Jakarta. According to Kamil Kinali, Chairman of Care for Stroke, the predicted figures obtained from the Office of the Ministry of Health research results collected from all hospitals in Indonesia. ”It should be a comprehensive effort to control risk factors for stroke in the community,” said Kamil, last Saturday. Therefore, governments should develop strategic measures to increase public awareness. One way is to socialize more intensively on the cause of stroke, its prevention, treatment, until the management of stroke recovery.

Stroke is brain damage caused by blockages in blood vessels of the brain or rupture of blood vessels in the brain. According to Salim Haris, neurologist Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (RSCM), the majority of strokes caused by blockage (about 85 per cent) and the rest because of bleeding (15 percent). Damage to the brain cause disability that greatly affects quality of life of the patient or his family. In addition to loss of physical ability, stroke survivors also experience cognitive decline.

Ranked first
In Indonesia, stroke is the leading cause of death from non-infectious diseases. The findings of the case some what increased from year to year. According to Health Research Data Base in 2008, the prevalence of stroke patients reach 8.3 per 1,000 population in Indonesia. With a population of approximately 211 million people, meaning there are about 1.7 million stroke survivors. Amount from year to year are expected to continue to grow.

As you age, the incidence of stroke continues to grow. Each time the addition of the age of 10 years, calculated from the age of 35 years, stroke risk increased two-fold. Indonesia as much as 5 percent of people aged over 65 years had experienced at least once a stroke.

Towards productive age
Widjaja Laksmi, a specialist in physical and medical rehabilitation RSCM, said the number of stroke survivors who escaped death thanks to a growing number of technological advances in health. However, those who had suffered a stroke leaving more severe sequelae.

“Unhealthy diet, life style full of stress (pressure), and lack of exercise due to busy making a stroke shifts to the productive age,” said Widjaja. To help the recovery of stroke patients, 14 hospitals in the area of ​​Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi (Greater Jakarta) opening stroke clubs which came under the Association of Stroke Care. To avoid a stroke, every individual should pay attention to lifestyle, in addition to understanding the risk factors respectively.

This was conveyed by Budiman, a specialist in internal medicine from the Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (Faculty of medicine / RSCM) in a public discussion titled Healthy Eyes Prevent Blindness Due to Diabetes.

According to Budiman, there are some specific laden with diabetes so that patients do not experience complications such as heart disease, hypertension, stroke, kidney and diabetic retinopathy. First, patients should always control the blood pressure do not reach the upper limit of normal. Blood pressure less than 120/80 mmHg is defined as normal. Hypertension usually occurs in blood pressure 140/90 mmHg or more. According to Budiman, people with diabetes who suffer from high blood pressure, the tenson should always be kept no more than 130/80 mmHg.

Second, always trying to control sugar levels. To maintain normal blood sugar levels in the body, should be accustomed to set calories by limiting consumption of sugary foods and carbohydrate intake. In normal people, the sugar content ranges from 60-120 mg / dl. ”Fasting blood sugar should not be more than 100 mg / dl. Expires do not eat the blood sugar over 140 mg / dl,” he said.

The third requirement is always to control cholesterol. High levels of cholesterol in the body to trigger the emergence of various diseases. Healthy eating is a major factor to avoid this. The normal range of cholesterol in the body is 160-200 mg / dl. Not all cholesterol is bad for the body. Only the category of LDL cholesterol are bad. Budiman said, for LDL cholesterol levels should not later than 100 mg / dl. The lower levels of LDL, the lower your risk of heart attack and stroke.

The fourth requirement is to maintain ideal body weight. Budiman said that, ideally a woman should not have more abdominal circumference of 80 cm, while men do more than 90 cm. If it all can be arranged, then complication is able to be prevented.

“A healthy lifestyle is how we can arrange the food. We have to think to eat to live, not live to eat,” he said.

According to dr. Noratus Horas, from Tirtayu Healing Center, an antioxidant can include vitamins, minerals or enzymes, which exist in certain foods and supplements. But unfortunately, still many of us that are difficult to implement diet (eating) healthy such as eating fruits and vegetables. Yet precisely the source of many antioxidants found in vegetables and fruits. Here are 7 Super Antioxidants are good for the body:

Ellagic Acid
These compounds, commonly found in red raspberries and can be regarded as one of the most potent cancer fighter because it has antimutagenic properties. A study at Hollings Cancer Center at the Medical University of South California (MUSC) found that ellagic acid works to slow the growth of abnormal cells in the human gut and prevent infected cells from the human papilloma virus (HPV), associated with cervical cancer.
In fact, these compounds attack only cancer cells without harming healthy cells, a process that is useful in the fight against prostate, breast, lung, esophageal and skin cancers. Other studies have also shown that ellagic acid can fight heart disease, reduce the risk of birth defects and accelerate wound healing.
Sources: Raspberry red, pomegranate, strawberries, blueberries and walnuts.

Proanthocyanidins
This antioxidant flavonoids still includes the family. Proanthocyanidins are the compounds that give red and blue colors in fruits, and has proven beneficial to strengthen capillaries, improve vision in the dark, supporting the integrity of the walls of blood vessels and prevent blood clotting. Proanthocyanidins may reduce the risk of heart disease and cancer, and protect against urinary tract infections.
Sources: Raisin, grape seed, grape skin, bilberry, cranberry, black currant, green tea, black tea, pine bark, cocoa.

Glutathione
Glutathione is a very small molecule and is the most important antioxidant because it is located in the cell. This molecule is able to neutralize free radicals, boosts the immune system and helps the liver remove toxins from the body. Glutathione is often called the “master antioxidant” because it serves as a regulator and regenerator of immune cells and the most valuable detoxifying agent in the human body. Low levels of glutathione in the body is closely related to liver dysfunction, immune dysfunction, cardiovascular disease, premature aging and death.
Sources: Goat’s milk, whey protein, asparagus, avocado, parsley, broccoli.

Polyphenols
This represents a large group of micronutrient antioxidants including flavonoids and anthocyanidins. According to a study in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, this compound has been shown to prevent degenerative conditions, including cancer and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases.
Sources: Strawberries, green tea, black tea, grape skins, red wine, onions, broccoli, green vegetables, apples, blueberries, cocoa (fruits and vegetables all contain several polyphenols in part)

Vitamin E
The most popular form of vitamin E is alpha-tocopherol, in addition to the gamma-tocopherol. A study in the Journal of National Cancer Institute found that the risk of prostate cancer decreased significantly with high levels of vitamin E. It is known that men with alpha-tocopherol levels in the blood, 51 percent less to develop prostate cancer. While the high levels of gamma-tocopherol in the blood, 43 percent less likely to develop the disease.
Sources: Nuts, vegetable oil, corn oil, green leafy vegetables.

Carotenoids
Karetenoid is fat soluble micronutrients, which is known as beta-carotene (which can be converted into vitamin A in the body). Mikronutien is believed effective against free radicals, inhibit and prevent cervical cancer, lung, prostate, colon, endometrial and esophageal cancers.
Sources: citrus, vegetables and fruits colored dark green and yellow, such as sweet potatoes, apricots, turnips, carrots, melons, pumpkins and tomatoes. Eggs and spirulina are also good sources.

Ozone: Ozone is a super antioxidant and super-detox which selectively removes viruses, bacteria, toxic metals, and other pathogens from the body. Ozone therapy is effective for treating various diseases such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, eczema, acne, Lyme, chronic fatigue, and countless other conditions. Ozone has even been used to treat cancer throughout the world for 50 years, with an impressive success rate.

The incidence of various infectious diseases in Indonesia, such as diarrhea, thypus, and dysentery are also quite high. Outbreaks of diarrhea were reported in 16 provinces in 2006 (according to World Bank data). Meanwhile thypus cases in Indonesia the average estimate of 900,000 cases per year and 91 percent occurred at the age of 3-19 years.

In fact, infectious diseases can be prevented with simple and inexpensive steps such as washing hands with soap. A study conducted Katie Greendland from the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK, found that washing hands with soap at critical time can prevent the incidence of diarrhea by up to 47 percent. Conversely, do not wash hands with soap at critical moments can cause diarrhea, including cholera, pneumonia, influenza pandemic, the new-born infections, and infections among AIDS patients.

“The bacteria that cause diarrhea are actually derived from human waste brought flies, water, soil, and fingers that contaminate food. Prevention is quite simple, ie, good sanitation and hand washing with soap,” she said in media education held PT.Unilever Indonesia in Jakarta.

World Health Organization (WHO) also stated that both of our hands is the main route entry of germs into the body. That is why, in addition to running a healthy lifestyle, the habit of washing hands with soap will reduce and prevent the occurrence of disease. But the fact is, the people of  Indonesia have not been considered important hand washing. This was reflected in the research conducted Yunita Wahyuningrum, health communication researchers from the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, which found lack of awareness in the public health aspects. From her research revealed a new community washing his hands using soap if hands look dirty or smelly. ”Visual aspect to be a major boost in washing hands with soap. If hands look clean, then they suggest washing hands using enough water,” she said.

Added to her, people still consider washing hands with soap is a waste of time activities. ”The reasons do not have the sink is also a major cause of why many people are reluctant to wash his hands,” she added.

Time is important

Kathy explained, wash hands with soap should be done at critical times, namely before eating, before handling food, after cleaning up the baby, after using the toilet, and before feeding children. Washing hands before handling food intended to prevent the spread of the bacteria that cause food poisoning. Handwashing with soap is also obliged to do before and after processing raw meat.

Meanwhile, after using the toilet or cleaning the baby’s diapers, wash hands with soap will reduce the risk of infectious diseases such as hepatitis A and salmonella.

From the research data in the program for Maternal and Child Health Integrated Program initiated by USAID and Unilever, to the habit of washing hands with soap on mothers in Serang, Banten, revealed the habit of washing hands at critical times is still very low. Only 5 percent of respondents who wash their hands with soap before preparing food, before eating 10 percent, and 1 percent before feeding. Meanwhile there is 0 percent washed their hands after defecation and when serving food. ”The results of this study encourage Unilever, through Lifebuoy to conduct outreach programs the importance of a clean and healthy life pattern that touch children and toddlers,” said Amalia Sarah Santi, senior brand manager Lifebouy, in a press conference the World Hand Washing Day in Jakarta. She added that the campaign clean and healthy lifestyle that consistently Lifebuoy initiated since 2004, this year’s theme for Movement 21 Day Healthy Habit Forming.

“The movement is 21 days to form healthy habits at five critical time for 21 consecutive days without a break. The goal is to make healthy habits at this important time to be healthy behaviors in everyday life,” she explained. According to Sarah, a series of activities to support this movement and has been running according to the program, including training for school principals or teachers, doctors little choice, as well as seminars at the national level. ”We also provide educational tools and fun for the kids so they do not get bored and keep motivated to make healthy habits for 21 days,” he added.

Responding to Movement 21 Days to Creating Healthy Habits this, Yunita optimists will succeed. ”Basically people want to do hand washing with soap, but do need a process to change it,” she said. She also believes the movement will be more effective because the movement is the main object of school children. ”They are easier to catch new things. In addition, if the kids who remind parents considered more effective because children are considered more honest,” he said.

Don’t worry. You can get back the energy lost during the day by resting and eating the right foods and nutritious. Here are some types of foods and beverages that can help speed up your stamina recovery:

1. Ginseng tea
Ginseng tea has been known for centuries as the best antioxidant and cure all ills. In addition, also, ginseng is a stimulant that can provide increased energy and concentration. The warmth of ginseng tea will provide a calming effect on your nerves, and gives you extra energy to do the “night duty”.

2. Banana
Bananas contain three natural sugars ie, sucrose, fructose, and glucose. Banana is the right choice for an instant energy boost. Bananas also contain fiber, which helps maintain glucose levels in your blood, thus giving you a stable energy source during long periods of time.

3. Cheese
In a piece of cheese contained high levels of amino acid tyramine, which is known for its ability to stimulate the secretion of hormones in the body stimulant. However, you also have to remain vigilant and do not eat to excess. Because the amino acid tyramine elements contained in the cheese is expected to trigger headaches. These elements can reduce the levels of serotonin in the brain that interfere with blood flow.

4. Strawberries
Benefits of red fruit is very large, because it is low in calories. In a serving of strawberries (about eight medium sized strawberries) contains a very high fiber and the best sources of vitamin C. Vitamin C in strawberries acts as an antioxidant that helps repair body tissue, improve immunity, and fighting free radicals.

5. Wheatgrass (wheat grass) Grass wheat is a food rich in nutrients. In fact, it contains 25 times more nutrients than vegetables. Many people eat wheat grass juice to improve general health. Wheat grass juice contains so many beneficial nutrients such as chlorophyll, minerals, and vitamins A, B complex, C, E, and K, protein and 17 amino acids that are easily absorbed in human blood.

1. Green tea may help protect against cancer. According to the U.S. National Cancer Institute, the polyphenol content of catechins found in green tea has an important role in cancer prevention.
The study further concluded that polyphenols inactivate oxidants, reduce the number and size of tumors, and inhibit cancer cell growth. A similar study has also been carried out specifically against bladder cancer, breast, ovary, esophagus (the part of the digestive system of ducts that carry food from the esophagus to the stomach), lungs, pancreas, prostate, skin and stomach.

2. Green tea can help prevent atherosclerosis. Antioxidants in green tea is also believed to prevent the buildup of fat in the blood vessels to suppress the oxidation of LDL (bad cholesterol).These antioxidants also reduce the chance of blood clots and helps the arteries (blood vessels) can be relaxed so that the blood flow.

3. Green tea can help maintain good cholesterol levels. Research suggests that green tea lowers total cholesterol and raise HDL (good cholesterol) in animals and humans. Polyphenols in green tea helps block the intestinal absorption process and launched its expenditure from the body.

4. Green tea can help control diabetes. Green tea has been used traditionally to control blood sugar in the body. Several studies have shown that green tea can help the body’s glucose regulation.

5. Green tea can help fight the disease in the liver. Green tea seems to protect the liver from the adverse effects of toxic compounds such as alcohols.

6. Weight loss. Green tea extract can increase metabolism and help burn fat. Some researchers speculate polyphenols, especially catechins, are responsible for fat burning process.

7. Relaxation. Drinking a cup of hot green tea can help produce feelings of relaxation and improve memory because the content of the amino acid L-teanin in it.

8. Green tea can help boost the immune system. The research conducted at Brigham and Women’s Hospital says that teanin content in green tea increases the capacity of Gamma Delta T cells to fight disease and help the body fight infection.

9. Green tea helps strengthen the digestive and respiratory systems because the content of bioflavonoids.

10. Green tea is anti-bacterial and helps prevent holes in the tooth.

Drinking two to three cups of green tea a day (containing 240 to 320 mg polyphenols) is recommended. This is the best way to get green tea antioxidants from its natural form.

So far antioxidants in the eggs have been known is the carotenoid pigment that gives color to the egg yolks. However, scientists continue to explore other antioxidants present in the egg. In previous research, the scientists found that egg proteins modified by enzymes in the stomach and small intestine into peptides that act like ACE inhibitors, a drug prescribed to lower blood pressure.

The results were considered controversial because as long as this known to the public, egg consumption will increase blood pressure due to the high cholesterol content. Not only that, the study also mentions that boiled or fried eggs will lose antioxidant by 50 percent, even more so if matured in the microwave.
Eggs are nutritious and cheap source of food. Eggs contained in proteins, vitamins, lipids and minerals.

 This (modified curcumin) to anti cancer drugs in combination with curcumin in the overlying chitosan nanoparticle size, “said the lecturer and researcher at the Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gadjah Mada, Ronny Martien, after receiving the award and research grant from the Bureau Oktroi and Indonesia Academy of Sciences (AIPI) in Jakarta. Ronny is one of four other young researchers who were given grants of research funding by the Bureau Oktroi and AIPI. Ronny proposed Biodiversity Utilization of research fields.

Title research “Utilization of Chitosan in Improving Bioavailibilitas Compounds Pentagamavunon-0 (PGV-0) as-inflammatory Analgesic Drugs with Nanoparticles Formulations”. PGV-0 is a derivative analog of curcumin derived from turmeric and ginger rhizome. According to Ronny, PGV-0 researched UGM in cooperation with the Netherlands. Then, PGV-0 patented in the U.S. with Patent No. US-6777.447B2. It’s given a lot of research done in this country and curcumin has resulted in several patents as well. Curcumin was obtained from turmeric and ginger are widely exported to the U.S. Indonesia.

PGV-0 proved to have the ability to inhibit the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX-2) are found in cancer cells. Expression of COX-2 enzyme tends to increase in the cancer cells so it must be inhibited for the healing process. ”PGV-0 as anticancer medicine also have drawbacks in the form solubility level in water is low so it needs to be combined with chitosan with solubility in high water,” said Ronny.

Overflow
Ronny argues, anticancer drugs with nanoparticle technology is pursued through the encapsulation of curcumin with 2-5 nanometer-sized chitosan. Availability of raw materials for curcumin and chitosan thus likely to be abundant cheap drugs. ”There are two ways to make chitosan and curcumin has a size of nanoparticles,” said Ronny.

Both methods include the top down and bottom up. Top-down method using principles of physics with homogeniser equipment that does not exist in Indonesia and the cost becomes relatively expensive. Bottom up method in principle reached by the chemical process of mixing the chitosan and curcumin.
“Currently there is no industry that says it wants to work together to develop this research and produce the medicine in the future,” he said.

According to him, the abundance of raw materials is a major capital development of the drug in the future. PGV-0 easily derived from curcumin, turmeric and ginger rhizome that have suitable habitat in the tropical regions in Indonesia. Chitosan is made from chitin contained in the shells of crustaceans, including crab shells. Shells of shrimp, for example, estimated to cover 30-70 percent of the shrimp body itself so that the shell becomes abundant waste. Through the process of purification, the shells will produce chitin as the compound capable of binding aminopolisakarida 4-5 times the weight of fat rather than weight chitin itself. To make chitin as chitosan, taken through the process of chitin hydrolysis by acids and bases.

Chitosan is chitin that has been removed asetil group, then leaving a free amine group makes chitosan is polikationik or positively charged ions. ”Because of this positive charge chitosan can be affixed with the negatively charged curcumin,” says Ronny.

Anticancer drug with a combination of chitosan and curcumin-more precisely is the PGV-O-nanoparticle size is inserted orally into the patient’s body. Nanoparticle drug is then easily absorbed and enter the blood vessels and tissue cells. Drug will work when the encounter cancer cells, particularly inhibiting the enzyme COX-2 in cancer cells. ”Curcumin in this case as a drug or medicine who wish to transfer with chitosan nanoparticles,” said Ronny.

In later development, the drug can be altered according to what the patient needs. Drugs with nanoparticle size will reduce the dose, but Ronny admits, his research has not reached the target precision. ”The pharmaceutical researchers in the world right now is pursuing methods of achieving the target precision of disease to be treated with this nanoparticle drug,” Ronny said. Abundance of raw material drug nanoparticles become the main capital. However, persistence and seriousness of all parties to support this research is not less important. In fact, very important.